{"id":13569,"date":"2024-10-18T12:03:33","date_gmt":"2024-10-18T12:03:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nuclearelectrica.ro\/cne\/?page_id=13569"},"modified":"2024-11-14T17:34:04","modified_gmt":"2024-11-14T17:34:04","slug":"radioprotectie","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/nuclearelectrica.ro\/cne\/protectie-mediu-si-personal\/radioprotectie\/","title":{"rendered":"Radioprotec\u021bie"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"13569\" class=\"elementor elementor-13569\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c2cf43b elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c2cf43b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-95acd6d top column-style-top\" data-id=\"95acd6d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed65317 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ed65317\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"284\" src=\"https:\/\/nuclearelectrica.ro\/cne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/10\/SNN_ptSITE_CNE_pagini_bannere_radioprotectie_20241017.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-13505\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nuclearelectrica.ro\/cne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/10\/SNN_ptSITE_CNE_pagini_bannere_radioprotectie_20241017.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/nuclearelectrica.ro\/cne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/10\/SNN_ptSITE_CNE_pagini_bannere_radioprotectie_20241017-1024x151.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/nuclearelectrica.ro\/cne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/10\/SNN_ptSITE_CNE_pagini_bannere_radioprotectie_20241017-768x114.jpg 768w, https:\/\/nuclearelectrica.ro\/cne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2024\/10\/SNN_ptSITE_CNE_pagini_bannere_radioprotectie_20241017-600x89.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-0e0a14e relative elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0e0a14e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-47c75d4 elementor-container top column-style-top\" data-id=\"47c75d4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7dd4946 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7dd4946\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Radioprotec\u021bie<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-30b1244 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"30b1244\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d7d8186 top column-style-top\" data-id=\"d7d8186\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-100644b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"100644b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"sistemul-de-management-al-calitatii\">\n<p style=\"color: #333333; text-align: justify;\" align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/nuclearelectrica.ro\/cne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/06\/IMG_2552.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-423 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/nuclearelectrica.ro\/cne\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/06\/IMG_2552-300x213.jpg\" alt=\"IMG_2552\" width=\"300\" height=\"213\"><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Radia\u021biile ionizante reprezint\u0103 un pericol specific asociat exploat\u0103rii unei centrale nucleare. Obiectivul fundamental al securit\u0103\u021bii radiologice la CNE Cernavod\u0103 este protejarea oamenilor \u0219i mediului \u00eenconjur\u0103tor de efectele d\u0103un\u0103toare ale radia\u021biilor ionizante.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Pentru a asigura un control eficient al pericolelor poten\u021biale asociate exploat\u0103rii centralei, conducerea CNE Cernavod\u0103 promoveaz\u0103 cele mai \u00eenalte standarde \u00een politica de s\u0103n\u0103tate \u0219i securitate a personalului \u0219i de protec\u021bie a popula\u021biei \u0219i mediului \u00eenconjurator.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00cen conformitate cu clasificarea ICRP, expunerea profesional\u0103 la radia\u021bii a personalului la CNE Cernavod\u0103 se \u00eencadreaz\u0103 \u00een categoria expunerilor planificate, deoarece m\u0103rimea \u0219i durata expunerilor pot fi anticipate \u0219i gestionate \u00een mod rezonabil. Managementul expunerilor planificate trebuie s\u0103 ia \u00een considera\u021bie toate aspectele relevante ale protec\u021biei, \u00eencep\u00e2nd cu un proiect adecvat, o construc\u021bie corespunz\u0103toare, aspecte specifice de securitate radiologic\u0103 \u00een timpul oper\u0103rii normale \u0219i \u00een opriri, gestionarea de\u0219eurilor, retehnologizarea instala\u021biilor nucleare etc.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Cadrul de baza al sistemului de protec\u021bie implementat la CNE Cernavod\u0103 este cel recomandat de Comisia Interna\u021bional\u0103 pentru Radioprotec\u021bie (ICRP) pentru expunerile planificate, fiind conceput s\u0103 previn\u0103 apari\u021bia efectelor deterministe prin p\u0103strarea dozelor individuale sub pragurile relevante \u0219i s\u0103 reduc\u0103 la un nivel rezonabil probabilitatea de apari\u021bie a efectelor stochastice.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">ICRP este autoritatea \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103 recunoscut\u0103 \u00een domeniul radioprotec\u021biei, ale c\u0103rei recomand\u0103ri sunt folosite la elaborarea reglement\u0103rilor interna\u021bionale \u0219i na\u021bionale din acest domeniu. Aceste recomand\u0103ri sunt revizuite periodic \u0219i actualizate \u00een func\u021bie de cele mai noi cuno\u0219tin\u021be privind efectele biologice ale radia\u021biilor.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Recomand\u0103rile ICRP din anul 1990 cuprinse \u00een Publica\u021bia 60 au fost implementate \u00een Rom\u00e2nia prin Normele de Securitate Radiologic\u0103 stabilite de Comisia Na\u021bional\u0103 pentru Controlul Activit\u0103\u021bilor Nucleare. Principiile stabilite de ICRP au fost revizuite \u00een anul 2007 \u0219i sunt expuse \u00een Publica\u021bia 103, care actualizeaz\u0103, consolideaz\u0103 \u0219i dezvolt\u0103 principiile din 1990 pentru controlul expunerii la surse de radia\u021bii ionizante.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Politica de radioprotec\u021bie a CNE Cernavod\u0103 se bazeaz\u0103 pe principiile generale promovate de c\u0103tre Comisia Interna\u021bional\u0103 de Radioprotec\u021bie. Aceste principii sunt:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Justificarea practicilor;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Optimizarea protectiei;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Limitarea expunerii individuale.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Cadrul principial al radioprotec\u021biei include at\u00e2t bazele \u0219tiin\u021bifice c\u00e2t \u0219i o serie de judec\u0103\u021bi economico-sociale, deoarece radioprotec\u021bia trebuie s\u0103 asigure un standard corespunz\u0103tor de protec\u021bie f\u0103r\u0103 a limita excesiv practicile benefice.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Conform principiului justific\u0103rii orice decizie care afecteaz\u0103 situa\u021bia expunerii la radia\u021bii trebuie adoptat\u0103 dac\u0103 beneficiul este mai mare dec\u00e2t detrimentul produs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Optimizarea radioprotec\u021biei are la baza principiul ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable \u2013 c\u00e2t mai sc\u0103zut posibil, \u00een mod rezonabil) pentru minimizarea expunerii colective \u0219i\/ sau individuale lu\u00e2nd \u00een considerare factorii economici \u0219i sociali. Principiul ALARA este aplicat \u00een mod similar \u00een toate situa\u021biile de expunere la radia\u021bii ionizante care sunt supuse unor constr\u00e2ngeri individuale de doz\u0103 \u00een cazul expunerilor planificate \u0219i unor niveluri de referin\u021b\u0103 pentru situa\u021bii de accident sau expuneri cronice existente.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Conform principiului limit\u0103rii expunerii individuale doza total\u0103 rezultat\u0103 \u00een urma unei expuneri planificate (pentru activit\u0103\u021bi autorizate) nu trebuie s\u0103 dep\u0103\u0219easc\u0103 limitele de doz\u0103 stabilite de autorit\u0103\u021bi. Acestea sunt stabilite pe baza recomand\u0103rilor interna\u021bionale \u0219i se aplic\u0103 pentru lucr\u0103torii expu\u0219i profesional \u0219i pentru popula\u021bie. CNE Cernavod\u0103 stabile\u0219te limite administrative sub valorile limitelor legale \u0219i ale constr\u00e2ngerilor aprobate de c\u0103tre CNCAN.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">CNE Cernavod\u0103 aplic\u0103 o politic\u0103 de radioprotec\u021bie care \u021bine seama de particularit\u0103\u021bile reactorului nuclear de tip CANDU, iar pentru rezolvarea problemelor tehnice de optimizare a protec\u021biei la radia\u021bii sunt folosite rezultatele programului de cercetare &#8211; dezvoltare al COG (CANDU Owners Group).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Evaluarea WANO din luna noiembrie 2015 a identificat un punct forte al asigur\u0103rii securit\u0103\u021bii radiologice a personalului CNE Cernavod\u0103 care \u201cprintr-un efort continuu a dus la reducerea expunerii colective la un nivel care reprezint\u0103 o performan\u021b\u0103 de top \u00een industrie pentru reactorii CANDU \u00een ultimii 8 ani, ambele unit\u0103\u021bi fiind clasate \u00een primele 25 % din centralele evaluate de WANO\u201d. \u00cen urma misiunii WANO nu s-a identificat niciun domeniu de \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bire pe zona radioprotec\u021bie.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d54661 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8d54661\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Descoper\u0103 mai multe informa\u021bii<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c21f206 elementor-widget elementor-widget-gva-navigation-menu\" data-id=\"c21f206\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"gva-navigation-menu.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"gva-element-gva-navigation-menu gva-element\">   <div class=\"gva-navigation-menu  menu-align-center\">\r\n      <div class=\"menu-radioprotectie-ro-container\"><ul id=\"menu-2w5b\" class=\"gva-nav-menu gva-main-menu\"><li id=\"menu-item-13648\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-13648\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nuclearelectrica.ro\/cne\/protectie-mediu-si-personal\/radioprotectie\/control-mediu\/\"><span class=\"menu-title\">Control mediu<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-13647\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-13647\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nuclearelectrica.ro\/cne\/protectie-mediu-si-personal\/radioprotectie\/controlul-radiatiilor\/\"><span class=\"menu-title\">Controlul radia\u021biilor<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-13646\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-13646\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nuclearelectrica.ro\/cne\/protectie-mediu-si-personal\/radioprotectie\/dozimetrie-personal\/\"><span class=\"menu-title\">Dozimetrie personal<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-13645\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-13645\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nuclearelectrica.ro\/cne\/protectie-mediu-si-personal\/radioprotectie\/managementul-deseurilor-radioactive\/\"><span class=\"menu-title\">Managementul de\u0219eurilor radioactive<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"menu-item-13644\" class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-13644\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nuclearelectrica.ro\/cne\/protectie-mediu-si-personal\/radioprotectie\/planuri-de-urgenta\/\"><span class=\"menu-title\">Planuri de urgen\u021b\u0103<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>   <\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Radioprotec\u021bie Radia\u021biile ionizante reprezint\u0103 un pericol specific asociat exploat\u0103rii unei centrale nucleare. Obiectivul fundamental al securit\u0103\u021bii radiologice la CNE Cernavod\u0103 este protejarea oamenilor \u0219i mediului \u00eenconjur\u0103tor de efectele d\u0103un\u0103toare ale radia\u021biilor ionizante. Pentru a asigura un control eficient al pericolelor poten\u021biale asociate exploat\u0103rii centralei, conducerea CNE Cernavod\u0103 promoveaz\u0103 cele mai \u00eenalte standarde \u00een politica de [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":13477,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-13569","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nuclearelectrica.ro\/cne\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13569","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nuclearelectrica.ro\/cne\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nuclearelectrica.ro\/cne\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nuclearelectrica.ro\/cne\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nuclearelectrica.ro\/cne\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13569"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/nuclearelectrica.ro\/cne\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13569\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13940,"href":"https:\/\/nuclearelectrica.ro\/cne\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13569\/revisions\/13940"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nuclearelectrica.ro\/cne\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13477"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nuclearelectrica.ro\/cne\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13569"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}